Dr Wenwei Tu (涂文偉)
(wwtu@hku.hk)

Publication List

Publications (*Corresponding author)
A. Chapters in books

1. Lewis DB and Tu W (2004). Chapter 22: The physiologic immunodeficiency of Immaturity. In:  Stiehm ER, Ochs HD & Winkelstein JA ed. Immunologic disorders in infants & children (5th ed). Elsevier Saunders, Philadelphia. p.687-760. (This is the authoritative textbook on pediatric immunology for the last thirty-five years)
2. Tu W and Yang X (2001). Chapter VII: Adhesion molecules deficiency. In: Yang X ed. Pediatric Immunology. People’s Health publishing house, Beijing. p363-367.
3. Tu W and Yang X (2001). Chapter III: Primary immune deficiency -antibody deficiency. In: Yang X ed. Pediatric Immunology. People’s Health publishing house, Beijing. p267-271.
4. Lau YL, Tu W and Yeung CY (2001). Chapter II: The physiologic immunodeficiency in neonates. In: Yang X ed. Pediatric Immunology. People’s Health publishing house, Beijing. p253-265.
5. Tu W and Yang X (1993). Cytokines and immunologic response. Progress of Health Science & Technology.  Shanghai Science & Technology Press. Shanghai. P86-96.

B: Original papers published in peer-reviewed journals

6. Liu T, Zang N, Zhou N, Li W, Xie X, Deng Y, Li S, Luo R1, Long X, Zhou L, Zhao X, Tu W, Wang L, Tan B, Liu E. Resveratrol inhibits the TRIF dependent pathway by up-regulating SARM, contributing to anti-inflammatory effects after respiratory syncytial virus infection. Journal of Virology 2014 Jan 29. [Epub ahead of print].
7. Han Y, Ling MT, Mao H, Zheng J, Liu M, Lam KT, Liu Y, Tu W*, Lau YL. Influenza virus-induced lung inflammation was modulated by cigarette smoke exposure in mice. Plos One, 21 Jan 2014 10.1371/journal.pone.0086166.
8. Xia Q, Zhou L, Peng C, Hao R, Ni K, Zang N, Ren L, Deng Y, Xie X, He L, Tian D, Wang L, Huang A, Zhao Y, Zhao X, Fu Z, Tu W, Liu E. Detection of respiratory syncytial virus fusion protein variants between 2009 and 2012 in China. Arch Virol. 2013 Dec 3. [Epub ahead of print].
9. Zheng J, Chan PL, Liu Y, Qin G, Xiang Z, Lam KT, Lewis DB, Lau YL, Tu W*. ICOS regulates  the generation and function of human CD4+ Treg in a CTLA-4 dependent manner. PLoS ONE 2013 Dec 2; 8(12): e82203. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0082203.
10. Lee PPW, Mao H, Yang W, Chan KW, Ho MHK, Lee TL, Chan J, Woo PCY, Tu W and Lau YL. Penicillium marneffei infection and Impaired Interferon-gamma Immunity in humans with Autosomal Dominant Gain-of-phosphorylation STAT1 mutations. Journal of Allergy & Clinical Immunology 2013 Nov 1. doi:pii: S0091-6749(13)01466-8. 10.1016/j.jaci.2013.08.051. [Epub ahead of print].
11. Lau YL, Tu W. Case-control study of Sichuan and Hong Kong children with melamine-associated renal stones: renal ultrasonography and urinary IL-8 and MCP-1 levels. Hong Kong Med J. 2013 Dec;19 Suppl 8:26-30.
12. Dou Y, Zhao Y, Zhang ZY, Mao H, Tu W, Zhao X. Respiratory syncytial virus infection induces higher Toll-like receptor-3 expression and TNF-α production  than human metapneumovirus infection. Plos One 2013 Sep 9;8(9):e73488. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone. 0073488.
13. Chan PL, Zheng J, Liu Y, Lam KT, Xiang Z, Mao H, Liu Y, Qin G, Lau YL, and Tu W* TLR5 signaling enhances the proliferation of human allogeneic CD40-activated B cell induced CD4hiCD25+ regulatory T cells. Plos One 2013 Jul 3; 8(7): e67969. doi:10.1371/ journal.pone.0067969.
14. Li J, Li H, Mo H, Yu M, Feng T, Yang F, Fan Y, Lu Q, Shen C, Yin Z， Mao M, Tu W*. Impaired NK cell antiviral cytokine response against influenza virus in small-for-gestational-age neonates. Cellular and Molecular Immunology 2013 Jul 22. doi: 10.1038/cmi.2013.31. [Epub ahead of print].
    (This paper was highlighted in Human Immunology News 1.19).
15. Chong WP, Ling MT, Liu Y, Caspi RR, Wong WM, Wu W, Tu W and Lau YL. Essential Role of NK Cells in IgG Therapy for Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis. Plos One. 2013 April 5.  8(4): e60862. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0060862.
16. Li J, Li H, Mo H, Yu M, Feng T, Yang F, Fan Y, Lu Q, Shen C, Yin Z，Tu W*, Mao M. Vγ9Vδ2-T lymphocytes have impaired antiviral function in small-for-gestational-age and preterm neonates. Cellular and Molecular Immunology 2013 May;10(3):253-60.
17. Li H, Xiang Z, Feng T, Li J, Liu Y, Fan Y, Lu Q, Yin Z, Yu M, Shen C, Tu W*. Human Vγ9Vδ2-T cells efficiently kill influenza virus-infected lung alveolar epithelial cells. Cellular and Molecular Immunology 2013;10(2): 159-64. doi: 10.1038/cmi.2012.70.
18. Zheng J, Liu Y, Liu M, Xiang Z, Lam KT, Lewis DB, Lau YL, Tu W*. Human CD8 regulatory T cells inhibit graft-versus-host disease and preserve general immunity in humanized mice. Science Translational Medicine 2013 Jan 16;5(168):168ra9.
    [We established a novel human allogeneic GVHD model in humanized mice and provide a more relevant approach for studies of human immunopathogenesis and therapeutics for GVHD after bone marrow transplantation (BMT). Using this model, we demonstrated that human CD8hi Treg induced ex vivo by allogeneic hCD40-B cells can control acute GVHD in an allo-specific manner via reduction of alloreactive T cell proliferation and inflammatory cytokines secretion within target organs through a CTLA-4 dependent mechanism. Importantly, these CD8hi Treg not only can induce long-term tolerance effectively without compromising general immunity and GVT activity, but also have potent antitumor activity. Therefore, our study provided proof-of-concept of using ex vivo-induced human CD8hi Treg to control GVHD after BMT. This novel strategy could readily be extended to human clinical trials using human CD8hi Treg alone or in combination with minimal conventional immunosuppression to control GVHD. The GVHD model established here may also provide a more relevant platform for further studies of human immunopathogenesis and therapeutics for GVHD after BMT].
19. Zheng J, Liu Y, Lau YL and Tu W*. Gammadelta-T Cells: unpolished sword in human antiviral Immunity. Cellular and Molecular Immunology, 2013 Jan;10(1):50-7.
20. Xiong F, Tong Y, You Y, Li P, Huo T, Tu W, Mao M. Prospective cohort study about the lymphocyte subpopulations'change and impact on the pregnancy outcome in fetal growth restriction.Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine  2012 Aug 6. [Epub ahead of print].
21. Bao Y, Zheng J, Han C, Jin J, Han H, Liu Y, Lau YL, Tu W*, and Cao X. Tyrosine kinase Btk is required for NK cell activation. J. Biol. Chem. 2012 Jul 6;287(28):23769-78.
22. Qin G, Liu Y, Zheng J, Ng IH, Peiris JSM, Lau YL* and Tu W*. Phenotypic and functional characterization of human γδ T cell subsets in response to influenza A viruses. Journal of Infectious Diseases. 2012 Jun;205(11):1646-53.
23. Shao ZJ, Zheng XW, Feng T, Huang J, Chen J, Wu YY, Zhou LM, Tu W, Li H. Andrographolide exerted its antimicrobial effects by upregulation of human β-defensin-2 induced through p38 MAPK and NF-κB pathway in human lung epithelial cells. Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 2012 May;90(5):647-53.
24. Mao H, Yang W, Lee PPW, Ho MHK, Yang J, Zeng S, Chong CY, Lee TL, Tu W*, Lau YL. Exome Sequencing Identifies Novel Compound Heterozygous Mutations in Interleukin-10 Receptor A in a Neonatal-Onset Crohn’s Disease Patient. Genes and Immunity 2012 Jul;13(5):437-42.
25. Liu Y, Wu Y, Lam KT, Lee PPW, Tu W* and Lau YL. Dendritic and T cell response to influenza is normal in the patients with X-linked agammaglobulinemia. Journal of Clinical Immunology 2012;32(3):421-9.
26. Tu W, Yang H, Luo H, Shi H, Wong WHS, Lau WWS,  Yip C, Yuen SF, Chim S, Chan WKY, Wong SN, Ho CS, Feng T, Lam KT, Li H, Lee PPW, Mao M, and Lau YL. One-year follow up of melamine-associated renal stones in Sichuan and Hong Kong. Hong Kong Journal of Paediatrics. 2012; 17:12-23.
27. Dai Q, Jiang Y, Tu W, Luo H, Wang Z, Lau YL, Shi H, Yang H. One-year follow-up of patients with melamine-induced urolithiasis in Southwest China. International Journal of Environmental Health Research. 2012 Jan 10. [Epub ahead of print].
28. Ling MT, Tu W*, Han Y, Mao H, Chong WP, Gang J, Lam KT, Law HKW, Peiris JSM, Takahashi K, Lau YL*. Mannose-binding lectin contributes to deleterious inflammatory response in pandemic H1N1 and avian H9N2 infection. Journal of Infectious Diseases. 2012 Jan; 205(1):44-53. 
29. Feng T, Yin Z, Li J, Fab Y, Tu W, Li H. Optimization of culture conditions for culturing of influenza virus H1N1 in MDCK cells and its purification. Journal of Pathogen Biology, 2012;7(7): 493-496. 
30. Cheung KW, Sze DMY, Chan WK, Deng RX, Tu W and GCF Chan. Brazilian Green Propolis and its constituent, Artepillin C inhibits allogeneic activated human CD4 T cells expansion and activation. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 2011 Nov 18;138(2):463-71.
31. Hui KP, Lee SM, Cheung CY, Mao H, Lai AK, Chan RW, Chan MC, Tu W, Guan Y, Lau YL, Peiris JS. H5N1 Influenza Virus-Induced Mediators Upregulate RIG-I in Uninfected Cells by Paracrine Effects Contributing to Amplified Cytokine Cascades. Journal of Infectious Diseases. 2011; 204(12):1866-78.
32. Wu Y, Mao H, Ling MT, Chow KH, Ho PL, Tu W* and Lau YL. Successive influenza virus infection and Streptococcus pneumoniae stimulation alter human dendritic cell function. BMC Infectious Diseases. 2011 Jul 20;11:201. doi:10.1186/1471-2334-11-201.
33. Qin G, Liu Y, Zheng J, Ng IH, Xiang Z, Lam KT, Mao H, Li H, Peiris JSM, Lau YL and Tu W*. Type-1 responses of human Vgamma9Vdelta2 T cells to influenza A viruses. Journal of Virology. 2011 oct; 85(19):10109-16.
34. Mok CK, Yen HL, Yu MY, Yuen KM, Sia SF, Chan MC, Qin G, Tu W, and Peiris JSM. Amino acid residues 253 and 591 of the PB2 protein of avian influenza virus A H9N2 contributes to mammalian pathogenesis. Journal of Virology. 2011 Sept, 85(18):9641-5.
35. Tu W*, Zheng J, Liu Y, Sia SF, Liu M, Qin G, Ng IHY, Lam KT, Peiris JSM, and Lau YL. The aminobisphosphonate pamidronate controls influenza pathogenesis by expanding a gammadelta T cell population in humanized mice. Journal of Experimental Medicine. 2011 Jul 4; 208(7):1511-22.
    (We had established the humanized mouse model with a complete human immune system. My laboratory is one of the very few laboratories worldwide to have successfully established this humanized mouse model. Using this model, we have demonstrated for the first time that pamidronate can control influenza infection through boosting the human Vγ9Vδ2-T cell immunity and that this beneficial effect is active against viruses of varying subtypes and virulence. Our finding provided proof-of-concept of a novel therapeutic strategy for treating influenza by targeting the host rather than the virus, thereby reducing the opportunity for the emergence of drug resistant viruses. As pamidronate is commonly used clinically for the treatment of osteoporosis and Paget’s disease, this ‘new application of an old drug’ potentially offers a safe and readily available option either alone or in combination with conventional antiviral drugs for the treatment of influenza, especially for combating pandemic or drug resistant viruses. Now we are planning to do the human clinical trials. This work was recommended by Faculty 1000, and also selected as one of 20 Medical Breakthroughs during 1990s to 2010s listed in the publication “Impact 100” in HKU 2012).
36. Zheng J, Liu Y, Qin G, Chan PL, Mao H, Lewis DB, Lau YL and Tu W*. Generation of human Th1-like regulatory CD4+ T Cells by an intrinsic IFN-g- and T-bet-dependent pathway.  European Journal of Immunology. 2011;41(1):128-39.
37. Wang Z#, Luo H#, Tu W#, Yang H, Wong WHS, Wong WT, Yung KF, Zhou N, Zhang J,  Li X,, Wang Z, Guo W, Mu D, Li F, Mao M* and Lau YL*. Melamine-tainted milk products associated urinary stones in children. Pediatrics International. 2011;53(4):489-96. (# equal contribution).
38. Tu W*, Mao H, Qin G, Zheng J, Li H and Lau YL (2010). Challenges and opportunities from the pandemic influenza A (H1N1). Chin J Pediatr, 48(8) 561-563.
39. Tu W*, Mao H, Zheng J, Liu Y, Chiu SS, Qin G, Chan PL, Lam KT, Guan J, Zhang L, Guan Y, Yuen KY, Peiris JSM and Lau YL*. Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes Established by Seasonal Human Influenza Cross-react against 2009 Pandemic H1N1 Influenza Virus. Journal of Virology. 2010 Jul;84(13):6527-35.
    (This is the first study to demonstrate that memory CTLs established by seasonal influenza A viruses or vaccines had cross-reactivity against pandemic H1N1 influenza virus. Our data suggest that individuals who were infected with seasonal human influenza A viruses previously or who received seasonal human influenza vaccines may derive benefit, at least in part, from the preexisting cross-reactive memory CTLs to reduce the severity of pdmH1N1 infection even without protective antibodies. This study also provided some valuable insights for the future design of broadly protective vaccines to prevent influenza, especially pandemic influenza.)
40. Chong WP, Zhou J, Law HKW, Tu W, Lau YL. Natural killer cells become tolerogenic after interaction with apoptotic cells. European Journal of Immunology. 2010 Apr 9;40(6):1718-1727.
41. Tso WH, Law HKW, Tu W, Chan GCF and Lau YL. Phagocytosis of apoptotic cells modulates mesenchymal stem cells osteogenic differentiation to enhance IL-17 and RANKL expression on CD4+ T cells. Stem cells. 2010 May;28(5):939-54.
42. Mao H, Tu W*, Qin G, Sia SF, Chan PL, Liu Y, Lam KT, Zheng J, Peiris JSM and Lau YL. Inhibition of human natural killer cell activity by influenza virion and hemagglutinin. Journal of Virology, 2010; 84(9):4148-57.
43. Zheng J, Liu Y, Lau YL and Tu W*. CD40-activated B cells are more potent than immature dendritic cells to induce regulatory T cells. Cellular and Molecular Immunology. 2010, 7(1):44-50.
44. Peiris JS, Tu W, Yen HL. A novel H1N1 virus causes the first pandemic of the 21(st) century. European Journal of Immunology. 2009 Sep 29;39(11):2946-2954.
45. Tu W*, Zheng J, Liu Y and Lau YL. Stimulatory or tolerogenic role of CD40-activated B cells depends on the strength of the activation to T cells. Blood. 2009, July 16, 114(3): 747-8.
46. Mao H, Tu W*, Qin G, Law HKW, Sia SF, Chan PL, Liu Y, Lam KT, Zheng J, Peiris JSM and Lau YL*. Influenza virus directly infects human natural killer cells and induces cell apoptosis. Journal of Virology. 2009 Sep;83(18):9215-22.
47. Zheng J, Liu Y, Qin G, Chan PL, Mao H, Lewis DB, Lau YL and Tu W*. Efficient induction and expansion of human alloantigen-specific CD8 regulatory T cells from naive precursors by CD40-activated B cells. 2009 Sep 15;183(6):3742-50.
    This is the first paper describing how to generate human alloantigen-specific CD8 regulatory T cells in large-scale by using a simple and low-cost method. This may facilitate the clinical applications of Treg-based immunotherapy for the treatment of allograft rejection, autoimmune diseases, and leukemia in the future).
48. Qin G, Mao H, Zheng J, Sia FS, Liu Y, Peiris JSM, Lau YL and Tu W*. Phosphoantigen-expanded gammadelta T cells display potent cytotoxicity against human and avian influenza virus-infected monocyte-derived macrophages. Journal of Infectious Diseases 2009 Sep 15;200(6):858-65.
49. Chiu SS, Chan KH, Tu W, Lau YL, Peiris JS*. Immunogenicity and safety of intradermal versus intramuscular route of influenza immunization in infants less than 6 months of age: A randomized controlled trial. Vaccine. 2009 Jul 30;27(35):4834-9.
50. Law HK, Tu W, Liu E and Lau YL*. Insulin-like growth factor I promoted cord blood T cell maturation through monocytes and inhibited their apoptosis in part through interleukin-6. 2008. BMC Immunology  Dec 17;9(1):74.
51. Tu W*, Lau YL*, Zheng J, Liu Y, Chan PL, Mao H, Dionis K, Schneider P, and Lewis DB. Efficient generation of human alloantigen-specific CD4+ regulatory T cells from naïve precursors by CD40-activated B cells. Blood. 2008:112(6):2554-62.
    (This is the first paper describing a novel low-cost method to generate human alloantigen-specific CD4 regulatory T cells in large-scale. 4 patents based on this study for preventing GVHD during bone marrow transplantation and inhibiting allograft rejection have been filed and now are pending.)
52. Lee PP, Jiang LP, Wang XC, Chan KW, Tu W, Lau YL. Severe mycobacterial infections in two pairs of Chinese siblings with interleukin-12 receptor beta1 deficiency. Eur J Pediatr. 2008;167(2):231-232.
53. Zeman AM, Holmes TH, Stamatis S, Tu W, He XS, Bouvier N, Kemble G, Greenberg HB, Lewis DB, Arvin AM, Dekker CL*. Humoral and cellular immune responses in children given annual immunization with trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2007 Feb;26(2):107-15.
54. Tu W*, Mao H, Lau YL (2007). Immune defense mechanisms against human and avian influenza viruses. Chin J Pediatr, 45(11) 831-834.
55. Lau YL, Zhou JF and Tu W.　Macrophage activation syndrome:genetic basis and therapeutic hypothesis. Chin J Pediatr, 2006;44(11): 7-10.
56. Tu W, Potena L, Stepick-Biek P, Liu L,  Dionis KY, Luikart H, Fearon WF, Holmes TH, Chin C, Cooke JP, Valantine HA, Mocarski ES, Lewis DB*. T-Cell Immunity to Subclinical Cytomegalovirus Infection Reduces Cardiac Allograft Disease. Circulation. 2006 Oct; 114(15): 1608-15.
    (This paper demonstrated for the first time that an early CMV-specific Th1 immunity is beneficial rather than deleterious in terms of cardiac allograft rejection and early transplant arteriopathy. Our findings indicate potentially important benefits for allograft function of limiting CMV replication by enhancing T-cell immunity in the posttransplantation setting, eg, by vaccination or the adoptive transfer of autologous CMV-specific T cells or, alternatively, by more prolonged antiviral prophylaxis. The importance of this study was also discussed intensively in the Editorial (Circulation. 2006;114(15):1561-4)and Clinical Perspective (Circulation. 2006;114(15):1615) of the same issue).
57. Cohen AC, Nadeau KC, Tu W, Hwa V, Dionis K, Bezrodnik L, Teper A, Gaillard M, Heinrich J, Krensky AM, Rosenfeld RG, Lewis DB. Cutting edge: Decreased accumulation and regulatory function of CD4+ CD25(high) T cells in human STAT5b deficiency. Journal of Immunology. 2006;177(5):2770-4.
58. Tu W, Chen S, Sharp M, Dekker C, Manganello AM, Maecker HT, Holmes TH, Wang Z, Kemble G, Adler S, Arvin A and Lewis DB. Persistent and selective deficiency of CD4 T-cell immunity to cytomegalovirus in immunocompetent young children. Journal of Immunology. 2004; 172(5):3260-7.
    (This novel study demonstrated that there is a persistent and selective deficiency of CD4 T-cell immunity to cytomegalovirus (CMV) in immunocompetent young children, and this selective deficiency contributes to their viral shedding. In contrast, the CMV-specific CD8 T-cell responses are normal during the primary infection of CMV in these young children, compared to that in adults. These novel findings were given the prominence to be included in the section of “In This Issue” of the Journal of Immunology (172(5):2725).
59. Chen S, Tu W, He X, Sharp M, Dekker C, Manganello AM, Maecker HT, Holmes TH, Wang Z, Kemble G, Adler S, Lewis DB and Arvin A. Antiviral CD8 T cells in the control of primary human cytomegalovirus infection in early childhood.  Journal of Infectious Diseases. 2004; 189(9):1619-27.
60. Cleary AM, Tu W, Enright A, Giffon T, Dewaal-Malefyt R, Gutierrez K, Lewis DB. Impaired accumulation and function of memory CD4 T cells in human IL-12 receptor beta 1 deficiency.Journal of Immunology. 2003;170(1):597-603.
61. Liu E, Tu W, Law HK, Lau YL. Decreased yield, phenotypic expression and function of immature monocyte-derived dendritic cells in cord blood. Br J Haematol. 2001;113(1):240-246.
62. Liu E, Tu W, Law HK, Lau YL. Changes of CD14 and CD1a expression in response to IL-4 and GM-CSF are different in cord blood and adult blood monocytes. Pediatr Res. 2001;50(2):184-9.
63. Liu E, Law HKW, Tu W, Lau YL. Insulin-like growth factor 1 can promote cord blood monocyte-derived dendritic cells maturation. Chin J Pediatr, 2001; 39(11): 668-670.
64. Tu W, Cheung PT and Lau YL. Insulin-like growth factor 1 promotes cord blood T cell maturation and inhibits its spontaneous and PHA-induced apoptosis through different mechanism. Journal of Immunology. 2000;165: 1331-1336.
    (This finding suggests a novel therapeutic approach of using IGF-1 to help newborns and infants to recover rapidly from intracellular infections).
    
65. Tu W, Cheung PT and Lau YL. Effect of insulin-like growth factor 1 on cytokine protein productions in neonatal cord blood mononuclear cells. Chin J Pediatr. 2000; 38: 471-473.
66. Tu W, Zhang DK, Cheung PT, Tsao SW and Lau YL (1999): Effect of insulin-like growth factor 1 on PHA stimulated cord blood mononuclear cell telomerase activity. Br J  Haematol. 104: 785-794.
67. Tu W, Chueng PT and Lau YL.  (1999): Insulin-like growth factor 1 increases IFN-gamma and IL-6 mRNA expression and protein in neonatal mononuclear cells. Pediatr Res. 46:748-754.
68. Hong S and Tu W. The change of T cell subsets in patients with nasal polyp. Chongqing Med. 1999; 28(5): 359-60.
69. Hong S, Tu W and Yang X. A study on the level of cytokines in allergic rhinitis with aspergillus fumigatus. Chin J Immunol. 1998; 14: 260-61.
70. Hong S and Tu W. Immunologic studies in patients with cockroach rhinitis. Chongqing Med. 1998; 27 (4): 243-44.
71. Li C, Yang X, Tu W and Riddell SR. Human cytomegalovirus matrix protein PP150 is efficiently presented as one of target antigens for cytotoxic T lymphocyte recognition. Chin Med J-PEKING. 1997;110: 397-400.
72. Li W, Yang X, Li C and Tu W.  Insult of immune functions in children of subclinical vitamin A deficiency: an investigative report of 80 cases. Chin J Pediatr. 1997;35: 388.
73. Tu W, Yang X, Wang L, Zhang Y and Shen J. Studies on the mechanism of the regulatory actions of the regulatory actions of Astragalus Membranaceus in IgG subclass productions. Chin J Mirobiol Immunol . 1996; 16: 66-67.
74. Sun T, Li Y, Liu S, Chen W and Tu W. Clinical observation of intravenous immunoglobulin on children with Kawasaki disease. Chin J Pediatr. 1996;34: 283.
75. Tu W, Yang X, Wang L, Zhang Y and Shen J.  Regulation of Astragalus Membranaceus on IL-2, B cell growth factor and IL-6 activities in patients with IgG subclass deficiency in vitro. Chin J Microb Immunol. 1995; 11: 34-37.
76. Tu W and Yang X. Observation on regulation of Astragalus Membranaceus in IgG subclass production in vitro. Chin J Immunol. 1994;10; 126-129.
77. Tu W and Yang X. The role of cytokines in clinical diseases. Foriegn Med J  Pediatr. 1993;20: 228-233.
78. Tu W, Yang X, Wang L, Zhang Y and Shen J: Cytokine activities in children with IgG subclass deficiency. Sichuan J Med. 1993; 14: 706-708.
79. Tu W and Yang X: Cytokine activities in children with recurrent respiratory tract infection. J Prac Pediatr. 1992; 7: 252-254.
80. Tu W and Yang X. Astragalus Membranaceus regulates immunoglobulin isotype switching. CQ J Med. 1992; 22: 257-259.